There is still room for improvement when it comes to hygiene in many medical facilities, even in Germany. Doctors' offices and hospitals offer favourable conditions for the spread of pathogens, with light switches, door handles, medical equipment and sanitary areas being particularly contaminated. In addition to these frequently touched surfaces, the hands of staff, patients and visitors are potential carriers of pathogens. Therefore, regular disinfection of surfaces, instruments and hands is essential in healthcare. To ensure that everyone knows what is important, surface hygiene (i.e., the cleaning and disinfection of surfaces) is regulated in official guidelines and internal hygiene plans, just like hand hygiene. Medical staff can use these guidelines as a reference and therefore always know how to behave. However, patients and visitors can also play an active role in maintaining good hand hygiene, particularly in the following situations [1,2]:
- after using the bedpan/toilet
- after contact with frequently touched surfaces such as door handles
- after leaving and entering the hospital room
- before taking medication and eating
- before and after contact with venous access before and after contact with mucous membranes or the wound
As a healthcare professional, you can influence patients' hand hygiene by informing, involving and encouraging them to disinfect their hands. At the same time, patients can also have positive impact on hand hygiene by maintaining an open dialogue with you and asking questions. By the way: dry skin is not a problem for hand disinfection. Regular use of hand disinfectants can even increase skin moisture [3].