Scrubbing and rubbing
For routine surgical hand preparation alcohol-based handrubs are superior to scrubs because they are equally effective but cause less skin irritation, are cheaper, and use less water.
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Short-chain, water-soluble alcohol that, besides Propanol, belongs to the alcohols most frequently used in hand disinfection. In contrast to Propanol, ethanol as sole active ingredient is active against Nonenveloped viruses in high concentrations (> 70 % v/v); however, then the exposure time needs to be longer than the 30 seconds normally prescribed for Hygienic hand disinfection.
